HYDRAULICS 4TH SEMESTER DIPLOMA CIVIL ENGINEERING CIVIL D'SHIP
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Department of Technical Education
DIPLOMA IN CIVIL ENGINEERING/ CIVIL D’SHIP
FOURTH SEMESTER CIVIL ENGINEERING
SUBJECT: HYDRAULICS
Contact Hrs/Week: 4
Hrs.
Contact Hrs/Sem:64 Hrs.
TOPICS
|
CHAPTER
NO |
CONTENTS |
NO
OF HOURS |
MARKS WEIGHTAGE IN EXAM |
|
PART-A |
|||
|
1 |
Fundamentals of Hydraulics |
05 |
12 |
|
2 |
Total Pressure and centre of
pressure |
06 |
15 |
|
3 |
Flow of fluids |
08 |
20 |
|
PART-B |
|||
|
4 |
Flow through orifices and
mouthpieces |
08 |
20 |
|
5 |
Flow over notches |
05 |
14 |
|
6 |
Flow over weirs |
05 |
14 |
|
PART-C |
|||
|
7 |
Flow through channels |
07 |
20 |
|
8 |
Flow through Pipes |
06 |
15 |
|
9 |
Pumps and turbines |
05 |
15 |
|
10 |
Seminars, field/technical visit,
inventions/innovations, demonstrations, workshops etc |
05 |
----- |
|
|
|
|
|
|
11 |
Tests and revision |
04 |
---- |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
64 |
145 |
|
|
|
|
|
FOURTH SEMESTER CIVIL ENGINEERING
SUBJECT: HYDRAULICS
DETAILS OF CONTENTS
1.
FUNDAMENTALS
OF HYDRAULICS
Fluid, classification and properties of fluids
Pressure and its measurements: Definition of
Hydrostatic pressure, atmospheric pressure, gauge pressure, absolute pressure,
vaccum pressure, intensity of pressure and pressure head
Measurement of pressure: Manometer, U-tube ,
differential manometer, simple problems
2.
TOTAL
PRESSURE AND CENTRE OF PRESSURE
Total pressure and centre of pressure on
vertical planes like, triangular , rectangular and circular plane surfaces
(simple problems)
Practical applications of centre of pressure,
sluice gates (only theory)
3.
FLOW
OF FLUIDS
Types of flow, stream line , turbulent, steady
and unsteady, uniform and non uniform
Discharge and continuity equation- simple
problems
Energies in fluid motion- potential, kinetic
and pressure head
Bernoulli’s theorem( without proof) –simple
problems
Horizontal venturimeter, theory and simple
problems
4.
FLOW
THROUGH ORIFICES AND MOUTHPIECES
Definition and types of orifices, vena
contracta, hydraulic co-efficients and their relationship (only theory)
Flow through rectangular and circular orifice
(simple problems without derivation)
Flow through submerged and partially submerged
orifices
Mouth pieces- different types and their uses,
convergent, divergent and Borda’s mouth piece.
5.
FLOW
OVER NOTCHES
Definition of notch, and its types, discharge
calculation for rectangular, triangular and trapezoidal notch (simple problems
without derivation)
6.
FLOW
OVER WEIRS
Definition of weir, discharge over rectangular
and cippolitte weir (simple problems without derivation)
Types of weirs and their uses (only theory)
7.
FLOW
THROUGH CHANNELS
Definition and classification of channels
Discharge through channels using Chezy’s and
Manning’s formula( no derivation – simple problems only)
Most economical sections for rectangular and
trapezoidal channels
8.
FLOW
THROUGH PIPES
Loss of fluid friction
Types of losses, major and minor losses
Darcy’s formula for head loss due to friction(
simple problems, on major and minor losses)
Hydraulic gradient and total energy line
Flow through single pipe
Flow from one reservoir to another reservoir
through single pipe
Water hammer, surge tanks (only theory)
9.
PUMPS
AND TURBINES
Working principle of reciprocating,
centrifugal and deep well pumps
Maintenance of pumps
Turbine, types and its working principle of
Pelton and Francis turbine
GENERAL EDUCATIONAL
OBJECTIVES:
Upon completion of the
study of the subject the student should be able to
1.
Comprehend the fluid
pressure and its measurement
2.
Know the importance of
total pressure and centre of pressure
3.
Comprehend the general
principles of the flow of a fluid and energies of fluid
4.
Understand the
principles of flow through orifices and mouth pieces
5.
Determine the discharge
for different types of notches.
6.
Determine the discharge
for different types of weirs
7.
Understand the terms and
principles of flow through channels of most economical sections
8.
Understand the terms and
principles of flow through pipes.
9.
Understand the working
principles of pumps and turbines
SPECIFIC INSTRUCTIONAL OBJECTIVES:
1.0 Comprehend the fluid
pressure and its measurement.
1.1 Know the definition of fluid, its classification and
important properties and their SI units (simple
problems)
1.2 Understand the definition of Hydrostatic pressure, atmospheric
pressure,
gauge pressure, absolute pressure, vaccum pressure, intensity of pressure
and
pressure head
1.3 Measurement of pressure using simple manometer and differential manometer,
simple
problems on them
2.0 Know the
importance of total pressure and centre of pressure
2.1 Understand the concept of total pressure and centre of pressure on
vertical planes
like, triangular , rectangular and circular plane surfaces
2.2 Simple problems on the above
2.3 Know the practical applications of center of pressure (sluice gates)
3.0 Comprehend the
general principles of the flow of a fluid and energies of fluid
3.1 Definition of various types of fluid flow. stream line ,
turbulent, steady and unsteady,
uniform and non uniform
3.2 Establish the equation of continuity of flow.(simple problems)
3.3 Know the type of energies of fluid in motion.( potential, kinetic and
pressure head)
3.4 State Bernoulli's theorem for total energy and its equation(simple
problems)
3.6 Application of Bernoulli's equation for horizontal
venturimeter(Theory equation and
simple problems).
4.0 Understand
the principles of flow through orifices and mouth pieces.
4.1 Know the definition of orifice and Classify the different types of
orifices
4.2 Define the terms Vena contracta , hydraulic coefficients and
their relationships
4.3 Understand the flow through rectangular and circular orifice and
simple problems
4.4 Understand the concept flow through submerged and partially submerged
orifice.
4.5 List the various types of mouthpieces., differentiate between
internal and external
mouth piece
5.0 Determine
the discharge for different types of notches.
5.1 Definition and types of notches
5.2 Know the Formula for discharge over rectangular notch, trapezoidal notch
and triangular notches.(simple problems)
6.0 Determine the
discharge for different types of weirs
6.1 Definition and type of weirs
6.2 State the formula for discharge over a rectangular weir and cippolette
weir(simple
problems)
6.3 Francis formula for the discharge over a rectangular weir(simple
problems)
7.0 Understand the
terms and principles of flow through channels of most economical sections
.
7.1 Define the terms: wetted perimeter and hydraulic mean depth.
7.2 Knowledge of Chezy's formula for discharge through open channel.
7.3 Calculate the discharge through a rectangular and trapezoidal channel
using Chezy's formula.
7.4 State Manning's formulae for discharge through open channel.
7.5 Calculate the discharge through rectangular and trapezoidal channels using
above formulae.
7.6 Explain the most economical cross section of a channel.
7.7 State the conditions for most economical section of a rectangular and
trapezoidal channel.
7.8 Calculate the discharge for most economical section of rectangular
and
trapezoidal channels from the given parameter.
7.9 Calculate the max. velocity and max. discharge in a channel of
circular section
7.10 Explain the terms - specific energy, critical depth, critical
velocity for
non-uniform flow.
7.11 Explain the hydraulic jump and its applications.
8.0 Understand the
terms and principles of flow through pipes.
8.1 State the law's of fluid friction for uniform flow.
8.2 To know the types of losses of flow in a pipe –major and minor losses
8.3 Know and apply Darcy’s formula for head loss due to
friction in a pipe flow
from given parameters.
8.4 Define and Sketch the hydraulic gradient and total energy lines.
8.5 Calculate the discharge from one reservoir to another reservoir
through
a single pipeline.
8.6 Explain the effect of water hammer.
8.7 Outline the use of surge tank
.
9.0 Understand the
working principles of pumps and turbines
.
9.1 Explain the working principles of a reciprocating pump, centrifugal
pump
and deep well pump-theory and sketch
9.2 Explain the maintenance of pumps
9.3 Define turbine , classification of turbines, differentiate between
impulse and
reaction turbine and its working principle
Text Book :1. Hydraulics By H S Vishwanath, Sapna
Publications.
REFERENCE BOOKS
1. Hydraulics and Fluid
Mechanics - Dr. P.N.Modi and Dr S.M.Seth
(Standard Book House, Delhi - 6)
2. Hydraulics, Fluid
Mechanics and Hydraulic Machines R S Khurmi
( S
Chand and Company, Ramnagar New Delhi - 110 055 )
3. Hydraulics and Fluid
Mechanics - Dr. Jagadish Lal
4. Hydraulics and Fluid
Mechanics - Abdulla Sheriff
5. Hydraulics and
Hydraulic Machinery V. Thanikachelam T.T.T.I Madras - 600 113
6. Hydraulics, Fluid
Mechanics and Fluid Machines Bansal A R ( Laxmi publication,
New
Delhi- 110 002)
7. Hydraulics, Fluid
Mechanics and Fluid Machines - S.Ramamrutham
