BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION
DIPLOMA IN CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
CLASS : VI SEMESTER
SUBJECT : PETROLEUM REFINING PROCESSES (ELECTIVE)
SUBJECT CODE : 9CH62
No of Hrs/week: 04 Hrs
Total No. of. Hrs: 64Hrs
| SL.NO | TOPIC | HRS ALLOTED |
| 1 2 3 | SECTION-I Origin – drilling – composition and properties SECTION-II Fractionation and Treatment Techniques SECTION-III Thermal and catalytic processes Revision\ test | 18 18 22 06 |
| | TOTAL | 64 |
SYLLABUS
subject: PETROLEUM REFINIMG PROCESSES (ELECTIVE)
Section-I
ORIGIN – DRILLING –COMPOSITION AND PROPERTIES
Origin and formation of petroleum – Occurrence of petroleum- Theories of origin –Indian resources – Indian petroleum industries – Composition of crude petroleum – classification of crudes– Exploration and production- Drilling of petroleum – Transportation – Storage. Important products – properties of petroleum products – Specific gravity – Viscosity – Distillation range – flash and fire point – pour point and cloud point – smoke point and char point – carbon residue – sulphur and moisture content – calorific value – octane number – cetane number – Aniline point- Environmental concerns & innovative methods to reduce energy consumption, for recovery & reuse of valuable materials in the above.
SECTION-II
FRACTIONATION AND TREATMENT TECHNIQUES
Ring compounds – Other constituents – Gases Aliphatic - Dehydration and desalting – chemical treatment, settling and electric desalting - Heating of crude – Pipe still heaters and furnaces Distillation of petroleum methods – Arrangements of towers – Vacuum distillation unit and stages wise distillation units - Production from distillation – Blending operation – integrated refineries.
Treatment techniques : Fractions and impurities – Sweetening process – Production and treatment of LPG – absorption techniques – gas liquefaction – Amine treatment - gasoline Treatment – by copper chloride process – dualayer process – lead doctoring of gasoline – merox process – sulphuric acid treatment - catalytic desulphurization – Treatment Kerosene – liquid sulphur dioxide extraction – Treatment of lube oils – Clay treatment – solvent refining – phenol extraction – furfural extraction – duosol process - Wax and purification – dewaxing process sweating and solvent dewaxing ( MEK & propane dewaxing.)- Environmental concerns & innovative methods to reduce energy consumption, for recovery & reuse of valuable materials like solvents, byproducts, acid sludge etc., in the above.
SECTION-III
THERMAL AND CATALYTIC PROCESSES
Cracking – Thermal cracking reactions – Cracked products and properties – Cracking operation – Catalytic cracking – Reactions – Catalysts used – Advantages of Catalytic cracking – Fixed bed ( Houdry process) – Moving bed : Air lift - Thermo for Catalytic cracking process – and Houdry flow process – Fluidized bed processes : Fluid Catalytic cracking process – Flexi and Ortho flow Catalytic cracking - Catalytic reforming – naphtha cracking Coking – delayed and fluid coking - flexi coking – continuous contact coking – Hydrogen processes : Hydro cracking - Isomax , HG processes – Moving bed hydro crackers – Hydro fining operation. –visbreaking-
Environmental concerns & innovative methods to reduce energy consumption, for recovery & reuse of valuable materials like catalysts, solvents, byproducts of coking, gaseous products in the above.
Reference books:
1 Shreve’s Chemical Process Industries - By George T.Austin
2 Modern Petroleum Refining Processes - By Bhaskara Rao.
3 Outlines of Chemical Technology - By Dryden
4 World of petroleum by Deshpande.
5 Fuels and combustion by Samir Sarkar
SUBJECT : PETROLEUM REFINING PROCESSES
General Objectives
On completion of study of this subject the students will be able to
1 Understand origin and occurrence of petroleum.
2 Know the methods of exploration of crude petroleum.
3 Understand various unit operation and chemical processes involved in refining of crude petroleum.
4 Understand the different treatment procedures and cracking of petroleum to get various petroleum products.
Specific Objectives :
SECTION – I
UNIT-1
1.1 Explain the origin and occurrence of crude petroleum.
1.2 State the two theories of origin of petroleum.
1.3 Describe the resources of petroleum in India and development of Indian petroleum industries.
1.4 Explain the exploration of petroleum
1.5 Explain the composition of petroleum.
1.6 Classify the crudes
1.7 Describe the working of Rotary drilling machine used in exploring crude petroleum.
1.8 Explain the transportation and storage of petroleum.
1.9 List the important properties of petroleum and its products.
1.10 Describe the following properties of petroleum and its products and methods of determination with their significance. a) Specific gravity
b) viscosity c) Distillation range d) Flash and fire points e) Pour
point and cloud point f) Smoke point and char point g) Carbon residue
h) Sulphur and moisture content i) Calorific value j) Octane number
k) Cetane number and Aniline point.
. SECTION – II
Unit-2
2.1 Explain the process of dehydration and desalting by various methods.
2.2 Describe the heating of crude
2.3 Describe the method of distillation of crude petroleum
2.4 Explain the arrangements of towers
2.5 List the products of distillation with their boiling range.
2.6 Describe the following
I. Blending operation
II. Treatment methods for gasoline
2.7 Explain the methods of treatment of Kerosene.
2.8 Describe the method of treatment of lube oil.
2.9 Describe the methods of purification of wax.
2.10 Explain different methods of LPG treatment.
2.11 Explain de asphalting process.
2.12 Explain de oiling process.
SECTION –III
Unit-3
3.1 Explain cracking and cracking reactions
3.2 Mention the cracked products and their properties.
3.3 Explain any one thermal cracking operation
3.4 Explain catalytic cracking, reactions and catalysts used.
3.5 State the advantages of catalytic cracking.
3.6 Explain the following catalytic cracking processes . Fixed bed , moving bed, Air lift thermo for catalytic cracking ,Fluidized bed , flexi and Ortho flow catalytic cracking process
3.7 Explain catalytic reforming process
3.8 Describe vis breaking and coking.
3.9 Describe the process of naphtha cracking.
3.10 Explain the delayed coking, fluid coking, flexi coking and continuous contact coking process.
3.11 Describe hydro cracking processes
3.12 Explain the Isomex, HG processes and Moving bed hydro crackers
3.13 Describe hydro desulfurization processes.
3.14 Explain the hydro fining operation.
BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION
DIPLOMA IN CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
CLASS : VI SEMESTER
SUBJECT : PETROLEUM REFINIMG PROCESSES (ELECTIVE)
SUBJECT CODE : 9CH62
QUESTION PAPER MARKS WEIGHTAGE TABLE
Note : 1. Question 1 I is compulsory - Objective Type Question & short note –5+5 marks
2. Answer any Six Full Questions from the remaining sections
(Choosing at least TWO from each section) Each Question carrying 15 marks
| SL. NO | SECTIONS | TOPICS | MARKS ALLOTTED | MARKS TO BE ANSWERED |
| 1 | Question -1 | Objective Type Question & short note | 5+5 | 10 |
| 2 | Section-I | Origin – drilling – composition and properties | 45 | 30 |
| 3 | Section-II | Fractionation and Treatment Techniques | 45 | 30 |
| 4 | Section-III | Thermal and catalytic processes | 45 | 30 |
| | | Total | 145 | 100 |
